The British Library The British Library Application Profile 1.0 2004-06-24 DRAFT for internal review and testing. This release can be used for use pilot implementations and testing - especially for conversions form other BL datasets. There are two proposed uses for this application profile at the British Library. The first is to provide a metadata standard for use in digitisation projects where MARC records are not going to be created. The second is as a format that encompasses enough of the common elements from other BL databases to allow conversions that will enable high level cross-searching. Title Typically, a Title will be a name by which the resource is formally known. If no title is available give a constructed one derived from the from the resource or supply [no title]. Follow normal cataloguing practice for recording title in other languages using the 'Alternative' refinement. String Mandatory 1 Alternative Any form of the title used as a substitute or alternative to the formal title of the resource. This qualifier can include Title abbreviations as well as translations. String Optional Unbounded Edition Information designating the version or edition of a work. This is not to be used of version in the sense of different physical formats (e.g. the PDF version of a textual resource). String Optional Unbounded Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource. Examples of a Creator include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Creator should be used to indicate the entity. Use only where the Creator element is not refined with a role. Otherwise use Contributor. Can also be used as refinement of Contributor. Unbounded Contributor An entity primarily responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource. Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Contributor should be used to indicate the entity. String Unbounded Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available. Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Publisher should be used to indicate the entity. Can be used as refinement of Contributor String Unbounded Place of Publication Place of publication of the resource. With Publisher and Date Issued this gives full imprint information. (Question of whether this relates to original or digital version.) String Unbounded Subject The topic of the content of the resource. Typically, a Subject will be expressed as keywords, key phrases or classification codes that describe a topic of the resource. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary or formal classification scheme. If a geographic or temporal aspect is recorded use the element Coverage. It may also be repeated in Subject if desired. If there is a subject string with elements in addition to a geographic, include the entire string in Subject with geographic element also in Coverage. String Unbounded Description An account of the content of the resource. Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content. It is permitted to link one or more external descriptions using a URI, but to facilitate keyword indexing of the content of the description, it is recommended that a text description also be included. String Not repeatable unless refinement or encoding scheme used. Abstract A summary of the content of the resource. Recommended to use text instead or as well as a URI to describe the resource. String Not repeatable unless encoding scheme used. Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the content of the resource. Use text as well if using a URI. String Not repeatable unless encoding scheme used. Thumbnail A (link to a) visual representation of the resource. A thumbnail is seen as being the equivalent of a textual abstract. It may be used by presentation software to present the thumbnail as to facilitate selection or as part of a record display. String Date A date associated within event in the lifecycle of the resource. Date should not be used in its unqualified form for record creation at the BL. Recommended best practice is to use a specific refinement and, where possible, an encoding scheme. String or W3CDTF Not repeatable unless using a refinement. Created Date of creation of the resource. Use for creation of the intellectual content. String or W3CDTF Not repeatable unless giving date using more than one data type. Valid Date (often a range) of validity of resource. String or W3CDTF Not repeatable unless giving date using more than one data type. Available Date (often a range) that the resource will or did become available. Possibly for administrative use rather than resource discovery. String or W3CDTF Not repeatable unless giving date using more than one data type. Issued Date of formal issuance (e.g. publication) of the resource. String or W3CDTF Not repeatable unless giving date using more than one data type. Modified Date on which the resource was changed (as opposed to the content - see Edition). String or W3CDTF Not repeatable unless giving date using more than one data type. Captured Date that the resource was captured. This includes the date that a snapshot was taken (especially of a dynamic resource) as well as the date of digitisation. String or W3CDTF Not repeatable unless giving date using more than one data type. Type The nature or genre of the content of the resource. Should not be used without encoding scheme for BL metadata creation - retained for use where existing records have no encoding scheme. Best practise is to use two instances of the Type element - the first for a value taken from DC Type list and the second from a BL list. The BL list has yet to be defined - more work is needed on Type, Format Medium, Genre etc. String Unbounded Format The physical or digital manifestation of the resource. Typically, Format may include the media-type or dimensions of the resource. It may be used to determine the software, hardware or other equipment needed to display or operate the resource. Dimension inclludes size and duration. Best practice is to select a value form a controlled vocabulary e.g. MIME types. BL rule: this element has been included for conversions where there may be no qualifier - generally in creating metadata a refinement or encoding schmem should be used. Further work is needed to establish BL usage of Type/Format/genre etc and identify or define controlled vocabs. String or syntax of encoding scheme Not repeatable unless qualified. Extent The size or duration of the resource. Use for file size and/or duration if a sound file. String or syntax of encoding scheme Repeatable (if needed for different encoding schemes). Extent Original The physical measurements or time duration of the original object that was digitised expressed as a string in a standard form. (WxHxD? mm:ss?). String or syntax of encoding scheme Repeatable (for size/duration). Medium The medium or physical carrier of the resource. This is retained in its unqualified form but for metadata creation should always be used with an encoding scheme. String or syntax of encoding scheme Repeatable (if needed for different encoding schemes). Medium Original The medium of the original object that was digitised. Use a term from a controlled vocabulary. String 1 Identifier An unambiguous reference to a resource in a given context. Best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. (e.g. URI (inc URL), DOI, ISBN). Bl rule: always use an encoding scheme when creating metadata. This will be the identifier for the digital resource being described. to identify the original, whether physical or digital use Source. Mandatory String structured according to encoding scheme Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. BL recommendation is always to use a citation standard. Where this is not possible, include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. String structured according to encoding scheme Source A reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. Use for any source item whether digital or physical original. Best practice is to use a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. A constructed or derived Id of a local nature may be supplied including specification of the supplying organisation in the absence of a globally unique one. BL rule -where appropriate use the shelfmark and name of holding organisation. String structured according to encoding scheme Item Number An identifier given to an individual item where that item is part of a larger source object. For use when multiple items share the shelfmark (or other identifier) of an object. For example when a digitised image is only one of several images on a printed page. It can be concatenated with a shelfmark in Source for record conversions. String 1 Language A language of the intellectual content of the resource. Best practice is to use RFC 3066 which, in conjunction with ISO 639 defines two and three letter primary language tags with optional sub-tags. BL rule: is to follow current cataloguing practice of using three letter codes or use the element unqualified for languages that have no code e.g. Karoshti. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Relation A reference to a related resource. This element should only be used in conjunction with one of its refinements. Where the value is an identifier an encoding scheme conforming to a formal identification scheme should be used. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Is Version Of The described resource is a version , edition or adaptation of the referenced resource. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. See hasVersion. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Has Version The described resource has a version, edition or adaptation, namely, the referenced resource. It is not expected that metadata creators will go back to a record to add successive 'hasVersion'. It is an implementation issue, but the entering of an 'isVersion' should allow the system to automatically add 'hasVersion' to the record of the referenced resource. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Is Replaced By The described resource is supplanted, displaced or superseded by the referenced resource. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Replaces The described resource supplants, displaces or supersedes the referenced resource. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Is Required By The described resource is required by the referenced resource either physically or logically. BL note: It is not anticipated that this element will be used by metadata creators, but is included for possible system use. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Requires The described resource requires the referenced resource to support its function, delivery or coherence of content. BL note: it is assumed that this element is to record software or system requirements, not internal parts of the object. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Is Part Of The described resource is a physical or logical part of the referenced resource. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Has Part The described resource includes the referenced resource either physically or logically. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Is Referenced By The described resource is referenced, cited or otherwise pointed to by the referenced resource. To contain the URI for the original record for the object or for the identifier of another existing description. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded References The described resource references, cites or otherwise points to the referenced resource. BL note: It is not anticipated that metadata creators will use this term: it is used to point to other objects that are referred to by the object being described. It implies a more analytical level of investigation of an object than may be realistic. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Is Format Of The described resource is the same intellectual content of the referenced resource, but presented in another format. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Has Format The described resource pre-existed the references resource, which is essentially the same intellectual content presented in another format. See comment about two-way linking in Has Version. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Conforms To A reference to an established standard to which the resource conforms. The use of this term is not finalised. It has been included as it is now a DC term and may be used for accessibility metadata. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Coverage The extent of scope of the content of the resource. Coverage will typically include spatial location (a place name or geographic coordinates), temporal period (a period label, date, or date range) or jurisdiction (such as a named administrative entity). Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the Thesaurus of Geographic Names [TGN]) and that, where appropriate, named places or time periods be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges. BL rule: in metadata creation do not use this element without a spatial or temporal refinement. String structured according to encoding scheme Spatial Spatial characteristics of the intellectual content of the resource. Use this term for geographic coverage. Spatial location (a place name or geographic coordinates). Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the Thesaurus of Geographic Names [TGN]) and where appropriate, named places. The value of this element may be included in Subject if desired. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Temporal Temporal characteristics of the intellectual content of the resource. Coverage will typically include temporal period. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary. Prefer standard representation of date/time but textual descriptions may also be used. The value of this element may also be included in Subject if desired. String structured according to encoding scheme Unbounded Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource. Typically, a Rights element will contain a rights management statement for the resource, or reference a service providing such information. Rights information often encompasses Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), Copyright, and various Property Rights. If the Rights element is absent, no assumptions can be made about the status of these and other rights with respect to the resource. BL rule: this should be a standard statement as in current BL practice. Location Identifies the organisation holding the resource or from which it is available. Use for a physical location that allows the user to access the item when a URI is not appropriate (e.g. for physical items not available electronically). This also facilitates access if the URI doesn't retrieve anything or only a poor substitute. When there is further identification within a location (e.g. call number, accession number), consider using Identifier. It may be expressed as text or as a code with an encoding scheme used to designate the source of the code. String structured according to encoding scheme RecordId The unique identifier of the record for the described object in the source database. This has been included as it is mandatory for TEL and also may be useful in other implementation of BLAP where metadata in this format is generated from other BL databases. Mandatory for TEL Title Alternative Edition Creator Contributor Publisher Place of Publication Subject and Keyords Description Abstract Table Of Contents Thumbnail Date Created Valid Available Issued Modified Date Captured Resource Type Format Extent Extent Original Medium Medium Original Resource Identifier Bibliographic Citation Source Item Number Language Relation Is Version Of Has Version Is Replaced By Replaces Is Required By Requires Is Part Of Has Part Is Referenced By References Is Format Of Has Format Conforms To Coverage Spatial Temporal Rights Management Location Recordid LCSH Library of Congress Subject Headings LCC Library of Congress Classification DDC Dewey Decimal Classification UDC Universal Decimal Classification MeSH Medical Subject Headings URI A URI Uniform Resource Identifier W3C-DTF W3C Encoding rules for dates and times - a profile based on ISO 8601 DCMI Type Vocabulary A list of types used to categorize the nature or genre of the content of the resource BL Type List The British Library Type vocabulary. IMT The Internet media type of the resource. BL Medium List The British Library Medium vocabulary. BL Identifier A British Library identifier. May be or may incorporate the shelf mark. BL Item No A British Library Item Number. RFC 3066 Internet RFC 3066 'Tags for the Identification of Languages' specifies a primary subtag which is a two-letter code taken from ISO 639 part 1 or a three-letter code taken from ISO 639 part 2, followed optionally by a two-letter country code taken from ISO 3166. When a language in ISO 639 has both a two-letter and three-letter code, use the two-letter code; when it has only a three-letter code, use the three-letter code. This RFC replaces RFC 1766. ISO 639-2 ISO 639-2: Codes for the representation of names of languages. UK OS Grid Ref UK Ordinance Survey Grid Reference. ISO 3166 ISO 3166 Codes for the representation of names of countries